May 1996<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
This is a shell script for Bash, called ‘rm_secure’. I use it as frontal for the rm command. It stores the deleted files in an archive in the user’s directory. A command-line option allows the user to view the content of this archive, and another option permits the restoration of the deleted files.<\/p>\n
For example\u00a0:<\/p>\n
$ ls -l<\/strong>\n-rw-r--r-- 1 ccb users 22 May 26 10:33 important_file\n-rw-r--r-- 1 ccb users 23 May 26 10:34 not_important\n$ rm *<\/strong> (OOPS!<\/em>)\n$ ls -l<\/strong>\n$ rm --viewtrash<\/strong>\n-rw-r--r-- 1 ccb users 22 May 26 10:35 1996 important_file\n-rw-r--r-- 1 ccb users 23 May 26 10:35 1996 not_important\n$ rm --restore important_file<\/strong>\n$ ls -l<\/strong>\n-rw-r--r-- 1 ccb users 22 May 26 10:35 important_file\n$ rm --viewtrash<\/strong>\n-rw-r--r-- 1 ccb users 23 May 26 10:35 1996 not_important\n$ rm --emptytrash<\/strong>\n$ rm --viewtrash<\/strong>\n$<\/pre>\nOkay, it slows down a few the rm command. But it may also save hours of work lost due to a keystroke error\u2026<\/p>\n
There is the script ‘rm_secure’\u00a0:<\/p>\n
#!\/bin\/bash\n\n# Configuration\n# the real 'rm' command\nbin_rm=\/bin\/rm\n# where archiving the files\nArchive=~\/.rm_saved.tar\n# you may prefer something like\u00a0:\n# Archive=\/var\/trash\/$USER\/saved_file.tar\n# (with write access permission on the directory)\n\n# global variables for the options\nOpt_recursive=0\nOpt_no_secure=0\nOpt_restore=0\nOpt_rm=\"\"\n\n# function for archiving a file or a directory\nsave_file() {\n if [ $Opt_no_secure -ne 1 ]\u00a0; then\n # set date\/time of deletion\n touch \"$1\" > \/dev\/null 2>&1\n if [ -f $Archive ]\u00a0; then\n tar --delete -f \"$Archive\" \"$1\" > \/dev\/null 2>&1\n tar -rf \"$Archive\" \"$1\" > \/dev\/null 2>&1\n else\n tar -cf \"$Archive\" \"$1\" > \/dev\/null 2>&1\n # r\/w access only for the user\n chmod 600 \"$Archive\"\n fi\n fi\n}\n\n# function for restoring file or directory\nrestore_file () {\n if [ -f $Archive ]\u00a0; then\n tar -xf \"$Archive\" \"$1\" > \/dev\/null 2>&1\n tar --delete -f \"$Archive\" \"$1\" > \/dev\/null 2>&1\n fi\n}\n\n# reading the command-line args\nwhile getopts \"dfirRvns-:\" opt\u00a0; do\n case $opt in\n d ) Opt_rm=\"$Opt_rm -d\"\u00a0;;\n f ) Opt_rm=\"$Opt_rm -f\"\u00a0;;\n i ) Opt_rm=\"$Opt_rm -i\"\u00a0;;\n r | R ) Opt_recursive=1\n Opt_rm=\"$Opt_rm -r\"\u00a0;;\n v ) Opt_rm=\"$Opt_rm -v\"\u00a0;;\n n ) Opt_no_secure=1\u00a0;;\n s ) Option_restore=1\u00a0;;\n - ) case $OPTARG in\n directory ) Opt_rm=\"$Opt_rm -d\"\u00a0;;\n force ) Opt_rm=\"$Opt_rm -f\"\u00a0;;\n interactive ) Opt_rm=\"$Opt_rm -i\"\u00a0;;\n recursive ) Opt_recursive=1\n Opt_rm=\"$Opt_rm -r\"\u00a0;;\n help ) $bin_rm --help\n echo \"(rm_secure)\"\n echo \" -n, --nosecure delete without backup\"\n echo \" --viewtrash list the saved files\"\n echo \" --emptytrash erase the saved files\"\n echo \" -s, --restore restore the specified files\"\n exit 0\u00a0;;\n version ) $bin_rm --version\n echo \"(rm_secure 1.0)\"\n exit 0\u00a0;;\n verbose ) Opt_rm=\"$Opt_rm -v\"\u00a0;;\n viewtrash ) if [ -f $Archive.gz ]\u00a0; then\n tar -tvzf $Archive.gz\n fi\n exit 0\u00a0;;\n nosecure ) Opt_no_secure=1\u00a0;;\n emptytrash ) if [ -f $Archive.gz ]\u00a0; then\n $bin_rm $Archive.gz\n fi\n exit 0\u00a0;;\n restore ) Opt_restore=1\u00a0;;\n * ) \u00a0;;\n esac\u00a0;;\n ? ) \u00a0;;\n esac\ndone\n\nshift $(($OPTIND - 1))\ngunzip $Archive.gz >; \/dev\/null 2>&1\n\n# restoration ?\nif [ $Opt_restore -ne 0 ]\u00a0; then\n while [ -n \"$1\" ]\u00a0; do\n restore_file \"$1\"\n shift\n done\n exit 0\nelse\n while [ -n \"$1\" ]\u00a0; do\n if [ -d \"$1\" ]\u00a0; then\n # the directories are archived only with\n # the -r option\n if [ $Opt_recursive -ne 0 ]\u00a0; then\n save_file \"$1\"\n fi\n $bin_rm $Opt_rm $1\n elif [ -e \"$1\" ]\u00a0; then\n # existing file\n save_file \"$1\"\n $bin_rm $Opt_rm $1\n else\n # let 'rm' give his error message\n $bin_rm $1\n fi\n shift\ndone\nfi\n\nnice gzip $Archive > \/dev\/null 2>&1 &\n# -- end of script --<\/pre>\nPlace it in \/usr\/bin or \/usr\/local\/bin then insert a ligne\u00a0:<\/p>\n
alias rm='\/usr\/local\/bin\/rm_secure'<\/pre>\nin \/etc\/profile, so this script will be called by Bash in the place of the true rm command.<\/p>\n
You can use the ‘–nosecure’ or ‘-n’ option to delete a file without archiving it. This is useful when you decide to erase huge amount of files in recursive directories (for example a package you have tested but find uninteresting).<\/p>\n
I use a cron job to deleted the archived files every day (running as root job).<\/p>\n
# crontab -l<\/strong>\n[ \u2026]\n00 04 * * * \/usr\/local\/bin\/empty_trash\n#<\/pre>\nHere is the ’empty_trash’ script\u00a0:<\/p>\n
#! \/bin\/bash\n for user in \/home\/*\u00a0; do\n \/bin\/rm $user\/.rm_saved.tar.gz\n done\n \/bin\/rm \/root\/.rm_saved.tar.gz\n# -- end of script --<\/pre>\nMaybe you can prefer something like\u00a0:<\/p>\n
trap '\/bin\/rm ~\/.rm_saved.tar.gz EXIT<\/pre>\nin \/etc\/profile, which erase the archive each time the user exits the shell. (I’ve not fully tested this)<\/p>\n
Obviously this tips doesn’t secure the deletion of files or directories by a file-manager, but I find it quite usefull, especially when doing administrative jobs as root (‘rm tmp\/ *’ in place of ‘rm tmp\/*’ \u2026)<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
May 1996 This is a shell script for Bash, called ‘rm_secure’. I use it as frontal for the rm command. It stores the deleted files in an archive in the user’s directory. A command-line option allows the user to view the content of this archive, and another option permits the restoration of the deleted […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":20,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-55","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blaess.fr\/christophe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/55","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blaess.fr\/christophe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blaess.fr\/christophe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blaess.fr\/christophe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blaess.fr\/christophe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.blaess.fr\/christophe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/55\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blaess.fr\/christophe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blaess.fr\/christophe\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}